I admit, sometimes I take certain nutrition facts for granted. It’s probably because I’m so close to this subject and I’ve been a coach and practitioner for years. I realized this recently when I posted some articles referring to your “optimal daily calorie intake” but I didn’t explain how to figure that number out. I got tons of email and comments from readers letting me know!  I guess I thought it was common knowledge, but surprisingly, it seems most people don’t know what their ideal calorie target should be, and to make matters worse, they get conflicting advice about how much to eat from various sources. Well, I’m here today to fix my oversight and bring us back to nutrition 101: How many calories should you eat?

Your “How Many Calories To Eat Cheat Sheet”

I’ve summed it all up into a “cheat sheet” where you can get a  ballpark figure instantly (if you don’t like math) or get a very precise estimate of your actual calorie needs (if you don’t mind crunching a few numbers).  This is a page you’ll definitely want to save and bookmark for reference.

Eating the right amount of calories to reach your goal whether that is burning fat or maintaining a healthy weight for life, doesn’t have to be complicated. In fact, it can become totally intuitive and unconscious fairly quickly if you understand a few basic principles of energy balance and rules of nutrition.

By putting yourself into a feedback loop and using results-based thinking, it’s possible for calculating or counting calories to eventually become optional. All you need to do is acknowledge the energy balance equation, become aware of your portion sizes and then increase or decrease your portions based on your weekly results (or alternately, adjust your activity level to produce the calorie deficit you need).

But that doesn’t mean calories don’t count. I can’t emphasize enough the importance of maintaining a calorie deficit as an absolute requirement of cutting weight. If you choose from a list of high-quality, nutrient-dense, unprocessed foods that are not highly calorie-dense, that can be a great way to automatically control calories.

However, I also believe there is nothing more helpful to your long term success than learning about your optimal calorie and macronutrient numbers in the early stages of your fitness and fat loss quest.  If you try to wing-it, guesstimate your numbers or “intuitively eat” from day one, you may never “get it.” You could be shooting blindfolded for the rest of your life.

If you’re going to track nutrition numbers, calories are the most important number to learn about first, then after that, you can divvy up those calories into the macronutrient split (protein, carbs and fat), that you prefer. Here are four simple methods to calculate your caloric needs. Depending on whether you’re the analytical type or the “ballpark figure” type, select the method that suits your style the best.

1. The Averages Method

Use this method if you want a general ballpark estimate and you don’t like math!

For fat loss:
Men: 2100-2500 calories per day
Women: 1400-1800 calories per day

For maintenance:
Men: 2700-2900 calories per day
Women: 2000-2100 calories per day

* NOTE: These are average numbers, so they’ll be reasonably accurate if your body size or activity level are average. If you’re a statistical “outlier”, ie, if you’re very small-framed and or very sedentary, your calorie needs will be in the lower end of these ranges. If you’re very large and or very active, your calories needs will be in the upper end of these ranges or even higher.

2. The Quick Method

Use this formula if you want a personalized ballpark estimate with one quick calculation. Use the lower number for lightly active, the middle number for moderately active and the higher number for very active.

Fat loss:
10 – 12 calories per lb. of bodyweight

Maintenance:
14 – 16 calories per lb. of bodyweight

3. The Harris Benedict Method

Use this formula for a very accurate estimate of your maintenance level if you know your body weight but not your body fat percentage. For fat loss, create a 20-30% deficit below maintenance.

Note: BMR = basal metabolic rate, which is the amount of energy you require for normal body functions at rest (does not include activity).

Men: BMR = 66 + (13.7 X wt in kg) + (5 X ht in cm) – (6.8 X age in years)

Women: BMR = 655 + (9.6 X wt in kg) + (1.8 X ht in cm) – (4.7 X age in years)

Conversions

1 inch = 2.54 cm.
1 kilogram = 2.2 lbs.

Example:

You are female
You are 30 yrs old
You are 5′ 6 ” tall (167.6 cm)
You weigh 120 lbs. (54.5 kilos)
Your BMR = 655 + 523 + 302 – 141 = 1339 calories/day

Now that you know your BMR, you can calculate your maintenance level, (also known as total daily energy expenditure or TDEE), by multiplying your BMR by your activity multiplier from the chart below:

Activity Multiplier:

Sedentary = BMR X 1.2 (little or no exercise, desk job)
Lightly active = BMR X 1.375 (light exercise/sports 1-3 days/wk)
Mod. active = BMR X 1.55 (moderate exercise/sports 3-5 days/wk)
Very active = BMR X 1.725 (hard exercise/sports 6-7 days/wk)
Extr. active = BMR X 1.9 (hard daily exercise/sports & physical job
Or 2X day training, i.e marathon, competition etc.)

Example:

Your BMR is 1339 calories per day
Your activity level is moderately active (work out 3-4 times per week)
Your activity factor is 1.55
Your TDEE = 1.55 X 1339 = 2075 calories/day

Burn the Fat Members: Click here for the interactive Harris-Benedict Online Calculator for women

Burn the Fat Members: Click here for the interactive Harris-Benedict Online calculator for men

4. The Katch McArdle Formula

Use this formula for a very accurate estimate of your maintenance level if you know your body fat percentage and lean body mass. For fat loss, create a 20-30% deficit below maintenance.

BMR (men and women) = 370 + (21.6 X lean mass in kg)

Example:

You are female
You weigh 120 lbs. (54.5 kilos)
Your body fat percentage is 20% (24 lbs. fat, 96 lbs. lean)
Your lean mass is 96 lbs. (43.6 kilos)
Your BMR = 370 + (21.6 X 43.6) = 1312 calories

To determine TDEE from BMR, you simply multiply BMR by the activity multiplier:

Your BMR is 1312
Your activity level is moderately active (working out 3-4 times per week)
Your activity factor is 1.55
Your TDEE = 1.55 X 1312 = 2033 calories per day

Burn The Fat Members: Click here for the interactive Katch-Mcardle Online calculator (men and women)

Which Method is Right For You?

Depending on your disposition, you can either crunch numbers or you can take a “ballpark figure” type of approach. Either way, the goal is the same: You have to be in a calorie deficit to burn fat. I hope you found the flexibility offered from these different formulas helpful and it put the whole “calorie calculating thing” in perspective for you.

To Learn More

I’ve written two books about fat loss where you can learn more. Burn The Fat, Feed The Muscle is based on bodybuilding, fitness and figure methods of fat loss. It is a structured, by-the-numbers program designed for maximum precision. If you’re an accountant, engineer, or any other analytical or detail-oriented type (or a bodybuilder/physique athlete, of course), you will be in 7th heaven on Burn The Fat, Feed The Muscle.

The Body Fat Solution  is based on lifestyle methods for the average male or female who is not a bodybuilder, but has excess body fat and wants to get lean. It is a more general-guideline, ballpark-figure type of approach. While not as precise, its flexibility will appeal more to the intuitive person, especially those who are busy, stressed, emotional eaters who don’t have the patience or personality for crunching numbers. For more information, visit: www.TheBodyFatSolution.com.

Until next time,

Train hard and expect success!

Tom Venuto

PS.  After I posted this article, I received a really good question from a Burn the Fat reader on Facebook, that I thought was worth tacking on in a postscript:

QUESTION: “Tom, I heard (from both pub-med indexed studies and from well-read experts like Alan Aragon), that the Mifflin-StJeor formula was the most accurate BMR calculator. Is that not true?”

ANSWER: It actually might be true. The Mifflin formula might be more accurate or at least more accurate in certain populations. Sometimes calorie formulas are developed for certain populations, much the same way as body fat regression equations are developed for certain populations. That includes different ages, races, genders and athletic statuses. I also know some trainers and nutritionists who recommend the Owen equation as well, above the Mifflin equation or the two I discussed in my post.  Here’s the thing: I can give you a pro and con list for every single formula out there – some don’t factor in age, some don’t factor in gender, some don’t factor in athletic status and some don’t factor in activity level at all – such as the quick formula, and that one is used very widely.  What I do know is that the  Katch McArdle and the Harris Benedict (as ancient as it is) formulas are good enough and then some, and I have used them for 25 years across broad populations of clients whose results I have tracked for months and they are close enough to do the job perfectly on a practical level. For that reason, worrying about which formula is the absolute best is just nit-picking, considering these are estimations anyway. The activity factor to calculate maintenance level (TDEE) from BMR is totally an estimation, so all things considered, all we are trying to accomplish here is get as accurate an estimate as possible to establish a baseline. In my Burn the Fat, Feed the Muscle program, I use a method called the FEEDBACK LOOP SYSTEM, which means that once you have established that initial baseline, you are finished with formulas anyway. You have gone from theory to practice, so at that point you should adjust your calories not based on theoretical (on paper) calculations, but on actual (real world) results on a week-to-week basis. So the bottom line is, if you know for certain that a specific calorie/metabolism formula applies to your demographic group, you could certainly favor that one, but in the bigger scheme of things, worrying about which calorie formula is absolutely most accurate is splitting hairs and no one should lose sleep over it.